Натрийн гидроксид хуудасны эх кодыг харах

{{Chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 477162765
| ImageFile1 = SodiumHydroxide.jpg
| ImageFile1_Ref = {{Chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageName1 = Sample of sodium hydroxide as pellets in a watchglass
| ImageFile = Sodium-hydroxide-crystal-3D-vdW.png
| ImageFile_Ref = {{Chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageName = Unit cell, spacefill model of sodium hydroxide
| PIN = Sodium hydroxide<ref name="PubChem">{{cite web | url=http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=14798&loc=ec_rcs | title=Sodium Hydroxide – Compound Summary | accessdate=June 12, 2012}}</ref>
| SystematicName = Sodium oxidanide<ref>[http://en.chembase.cn/substance-371462.html "1310-73-2|Sodium hydroxide solution|Sigma Aldrich|sodium oxidanide"]. ''chembase.cn''.</ref>
| OtherNames = Caustic soda<br/>
Lye<ref name="msd"/><ref name="msd2"/><br/>
Ascarite<br/>
White caustic<br/>
Sodium hydrate<ref name="PubChem"/> 
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 1310-73-2
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 14798
| ChemSpiderID = 14114
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| UNII = 55X04QC32I
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| EINECS = 215-185-5
| UNNumber = 1823
| KEGG = D01169
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| MeSHName = Sodium+Hydroxide
| ChEBI = 32145
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| RTECS = WB4900000
| Gmelin = 68430
| SMILES = O[Na]
| StdInChI = 1S/Na.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| InChI = 1/Na.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1
| StdInChIKey = HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| InChIKey = HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-REWHXWOFAM
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = {{Chem|NaOH}}
| MolarMass = 39.9971 g mol<sup>−1</sup>
| Appearance = Цагаан, лав хэлбэрийн, тунгалаг бус талст
| Odor = үнэргүй
| Density = 2.13 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
| MeltingPtC = 318
| BoilingPtC = 1388
| Solubility = 418 g/L (0&nbsp;°C) <br> 1110 g/L (20&nbsp;°C) <br> 3370 g/L (100&nbsp;°C)
| Solvent1 = метанол
| Solubility1 = 238 g/L
| Solvent2 = этанол
| Solubility2 = <<139 g/L
| SolubleOther = [[глицерин]]д уусдаг <br> [[аммиак]]д бага <br> [[эфир]]т уусдаггүй
| VaporPressure = <2.4 kPa (at 20&nbsp;°C)
| pKb = 0.2<ref>{{Webarchiv|url=http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Physical_Chemistry/Acids_and_Bases/Monoprotic_Versus_Polyprotic_Acids_And_Bases |wayback=20091003111927 |text=Polyprotic Acids & Bases |archiv-bot=2024-08-24 09:20:36 InternetArchiveBot }}.  UC Davis ChemWiki</ref>
| RefractIndex = 1.3576
}}
|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = −427&nbsp;kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup><ref name=b1>{{cite book| author = Zumdahl, Steven S.|title =Chemical Principles 6th Ed.| publisher = Houghton Mifflin Company| year = 2009| isbn = 0-618-94690-X|page=A23}}</ref>
| DeltaGf = -380.7 kJ/mol
| Entropy = 64&nbsp;J·mol<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup><ref name=b1/>
| HeatCapacity = 59.66 J/mol K
 }}
|Section5={{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS = [http://www.certified-lye.com/MSDS-Lye.pdf External MSDS]
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS corrosion}}
| EUClass = {{Hazchem C}}
| RPhrases = {{R35}}
| SPhrases = {{S1/2}}, {{S26}}, {{S37/39}}, {{S45}}
| NFPA-H = 3
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 1
| NFPA-S = ALK
| LD50 = 40 mg/kg (хулгана, ходоодоор)<ref>Michael Chambers. [http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/1310-73-2 "ChemIDplus – 1310-73-2 – HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M – Sodium hydroxide [NF<nowiki>]</nowiki> – Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information."]. ''nih.gov''.</ref>
| PEL = TWA 2 mg/m<sup>3</sup><ref name=PGCH>{{PGCH|0565}}</ref>
| IDLH = 10 mg/m<sup>3</sup><ref name=PGCH/>
| REL = C 2 mg/m<sup>3</sup><ref name=PGCH/>
| LDLo = 500 mg/kg (туулай, амаар)<ref>{{IDLH|1310732|Sodium hydroxide}}</ref> 
}}
|Section7={{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = [[Натрийн гидросульфид]]
| OtherCations = [[Цезийн гидроксид]]<br />
[[Литийн гидроксид]]<br />
[[Калийн гидроксид]]<br />
[[Рубидийн гидроксид]]
}}
}}

'''Натрийн гидроксид''' ('''NaOH''') нь '''натрийн шүлт''', '''идэмхий натр''' эсвэл '''каустик сод''' гэж мөн нэрлэгддэг,<ref name="msd">{{cite web|title=Material Safety Datasheet|url=http://www.certified-lye.com/MSDS-Lye.pdf|work=certified-lye.com|access-date=2015-11-17|archive-date=2008-02-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228005947/http://www.certified-lye.com/MSDS-Lye.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="msd2">{{cite web|title=Material Safety Datasheet 2|url=http://www.hillbrothers.com/msds/pdf/sodium-hydroxide-10-50-liq.pdf|work=hillbrothers.com|access-date=2015-11-17|archive-date=2012-08-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120803005424/http://www.hillbrothers.com/msds/pdf/sodium-hydroxide-10-50-liq.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[органик бус нэгдэл]]. Цагаан өнгөтэй, хурай, маш каустик (идэмхий) металл [[Суурь (хими)|суурь]]тай [[шүлт]]. Үрэл, ялтас, зоос хэлбэртэйгээр эсвэл янз бүрийн [[концентраци]]тай [[уусмал]] байдалтайгаар худалдаалагддаг.<ref>[http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/analytical-chromatography/analytical-products.html?TablePage=103242111 "Sodium hydroxide solution"]. ''Sigma-Aldrich''.</ref> Устай, ойролцоогоор 50 жин.%-тай [[ханасан уусмал]]ыг үүсгэдэг.<ref>Pubchem. [http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=14798&loc=ec_rcs#x27 "SODIUM HYDROXIDE | HNaO – PubChem"]. ''nih.gov''.</ref>

Натрийн гидроксид нь [[ус]], [[этанол]], [[метанол]] зэрэгт уусдаг. Энэ төрлийн шүлтүүд нь [[гигроскоп]] бөгөөд агаарын чийг ба [[Нүүрсхүчлийн давхар исэл|нүүрсхүчлийн давхар ислийг]] шингээдэг.

Натрийн гидроксид нь маш өргөн хүрээний хэрэглээтэй, [[цаас]], [[шүлжмэл]], [[ундны ус]], саван, угаагч бодис, г.м. олон бүтээгдэхүүнийг үйлдвэрлэхэд химийн хүчтэй суурийн үүрэг гүйцэтгэдэг.

== Эх сурвалж ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Ангилал:Гидроксид]]
[[Ангилал:Идэмхий бодис]]
[[Ангилал:Натрийн нэгдэл]]
[[Ангилал:Хүнсний нэмэлт бодис]]